Discovering Why the Methods of Proving Triangles Congruent Work
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Prior to stating the methods of proving triangles congruent, or as a follow-up to that lesson, give students the opportunity to discover "why" there are only five acceptable methods for proving triangle congruence.  The following queries can be investigated using a compass and straightedge or by using dynamic software such as Geometer's Sketchpad or Cabri.  If time is a concern, these investigation could be done as a teacher demonstration with student involvement.

Discovering Information About Congruent Triangles

1.  Investigating SSS:  Given the following three segments, construct a triangle, if you can.

Is there more than one type of triangle that can be constructed using these three sides, or will ALL possible triangles be of the same shape and size?  

Teacher:  If you want students to also investigate the triangle inequality theorem, shorten the lengths of segments b and c such that the lengths of b + c will be less than the length of a and let students see what happens (no triangle).
 

2.  Investigating SAS:   Given the following two segments and one angle, construct a triangle with the angle included between the two sides, if you can.
Is there more than one type of triangle that can be constructed using these figures, or will ALL possible triangles be of the same shape and size?

 

Teacher:  If you want students to have more practice with angles and triangles, change the size of the angle to an obtuse angle.

3.  Investigating ASA:  Given the following two angles and one segment, construct a triangle with the segment included between the two angles, if you can.
Is there more than one type of triangle that can be constructed using these figures, or will ALL possible triangles be of the same shape and size?

Teacher:  If you want students to have more practice with angles and triangles, change the size of one of the angles to an obtuse angle.  If you want students to understand that a triangle can have only ONE obtuse angle, change both angles to obtuse angles and let them investigate.
4.  Investigating AAS:  Given the following two angles and one segment, construct a triangle with the segment NOT included between the two angles, if you can.
Is there more than one type of triangle that can be constructed using these figures, or will ALL possible triangles be of the same shape and size?
5.  Investigating HL:  Given the following right angle and two segments, construct a triangle with the angle NOT included between the two segments, if you can.
Is there more than one type of triangle that can be constructed using these figures, or will ALL possible triangles be of the same shape and size?

 

Teacher:  If you wish students to practice their constructions, you can have them construct their own right angle.

6.  Investigating AAA:  Given the following three angles, construct a triangle, if you can.
Is there more than one type of triangle that can be constructed using these three angles, or will ALL possible triangles be of the same shape and size?

 

Teacher:  If you wish students to further investigate the relationship of angles in triangles, change the size of the angles so that they do not add to 180º and ask students to investigate.

7.   Investigating SSA:  Given the following two segments and one angle, construct a triangle with the angle NOT included between the two sides, if you can.
Is there more than one type of triangle that can be constructed using these figures, or will ALL possible triangles be of the same shape and size?